Understanding the biological functions of lilac allergen proteins sheds light on their role in allergy and the molecular mechanisms behind allergic reactions. These proteins are not inherently harmful; instead, they play essential roles in the defense mechanisms of lilac plants.
The primary biological function of Syr v 1 and Syr v 3 is to protect lilacs from potential threats, including pathogens and pests. When the plant is exposed to stressors, these allergen proteins are produced as part of the defense response. However, in susceptible individuals, exposure to these proteins can lead to allergic reactions.
The allergic response to lilac allergen proteins involves the immune system’s recognition of these proteins as foreign invaders. This recognition triggers the release of histamines and other inflammatory substances, leading to the classic symptoms of allergy, such as itching, sneezing, and nasal congestion. The molecular mechanisms underlying this immune response are complex and involve interactions between the lilac allergen proteins and specific immune cells.